Difference between Microprocessor and Microcontroller

What is Microprocessor ?

A microprocessor is an integrated circuit or  logic chip that is designed to fetch the instructions from other part of the system and executing it performing several logical and arithmetic operations.

On its own, without a surrounding circuit and applied voltages it is quite useless. It will just lie on your workbench staring back at you.

What is Micro-controller ?

A micro-controller is a self-contained system with peripherals, memory and a processor that can be used as an embedded system.

Actually this is a complete microprocessor-based control system built onto a single chip. It is small and convenient but doesn't do anything that could not be done via a microprocessor with  additional components.

Microprocessor Vs Micro-controller:
Among several, some important difference between microprocessor and micro-controller is given below:

#	Microprocessor	Micro-controller
1	Microprocessor contains ALU, control unit (clock and timing circuit), different register and interrupt circuit.	Microcontroller contains microprocessor, memory (ROM and RAM) I/O interfacing circuit and peripheral devices such asconverter, timer etc.
2	It has many instructions to move data between memory and CPU.	It has one or two Instructions to move data between memory and CPU.
3	It has one or two bit handling instructions.	It has many bit handling instructions.
4	MIcroprocessor based system requires more hardware	Microcontroller based system requires less hardware reducing PCB size and increasing the reliability.
5	Access times for memory and I/O devices are more.	Less access times for built-in memory and I/O devices.
6	It has single memory map for data and code	It has separate memory map for data and code.
7	Less number of pins are multi-functioned.	More number of pins are multifunctioned.
8	Microprocessor based system is more flexible in design point of view.	Less flexible in design point of view.