A transmission line is a means of
transfer of information from one point to another. Usually transmission line
consists of two conductors. Since each conductor of the line has a certain
length and diameter, it must have resistance(R) and inductance (L). Further since the two wires or conductors are close to each other, therefore there must
be capacitance (C) between them. Lastly, since the wires are separated by a
medium known as dielectric that can not be perfect in its insulation and hence
current leaks through it. This leakage of current through the dielectric is
represented by a shunt conductance(G). The transmission line can be thought as a
distributed network which consists of cascaded sections and each section consists
the above properties. So the equivalent circuit may be as like below:
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| Fig: Equivalent circuit of Transmission Line |