A constellation diagram is a graphical representation of a signal modulated by a digital modulation scheme such as quadrature amplitude modulation or phase-shift keying(QAM/QPSK). It shows the signal constellation, which is a set of complex numbers that represent the possible signal values in a modulation scheme.
In a constellation diagram, each point represents a symbol, and the location of the point in the complex plane represents the phase and amplitude of the corresponding signal. The horizontal axis represents the in-phase (I) component of the signal, and the vertical axis represents the quadrature (Q) component of the signal.
The constellation diagram is a useful tool for analyzing the performance of a communication system. Measured constellation diagrams can be used to recognize the type of interference and distortion in a signal. It can be used to visualize the effects of noise and other impairments on the transmitted signal. By analyzing the distribution of points in the constellation diagram, engineers can evaluate the quality of the signal and make adjustments to improve the performance of the system.
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