Breaking News

Magnetic materials: Understanding their classification

Magnetic materials are materials that can produce a magnetic field or be influenced by a magnetic field. They can be naturally occurring materials, such as lodestone, or synthetic materials, such as neodymium magnets. These materials have the ability to interact with magnetic fields due to their atomic structure and/or  molecular spins . Magnetic materials are widely used in various applications such as electric motors, generators, MRI machines, and magnetic storage devices. These materials are classified into two categories based on their behaviour in a magnetic field and their applications.

According to their behaviour in a magnetic field

a) Diamagnetic materials are not magnetized in a magnetic field and do not retain any magnetic properties once the field is removed. Examples include copper, silver, gold, and bismuth.

b) Paramagnetic materials are weakly attracted by a magnetic field and exhibit temporary magnetism while in the field. Examples include aluminum, platinum, and titanium.

c) Ferromagnetic materials exhibit strong magnetism even in the absence of an external magnetic field. These materials can be magnetized and retain their magnetism after the external field is removed. Examples include iron, nickel, and cobalt.

d) Antiferromagnetic materials exhibit a magnetic ordering in which the magnetic moments of adjacent atoms align in opposite directions, resulting in zero net magnetization. Examples include chromium and manganese.

e) Ferrimagnetic materials exhibit a magnetic ordering in which the magnetic moments of adjacent atoms align in opposite directions but are not equal in magnitude, resulting in a net magnetization. Examples include magnetite and ferrites.

The first two types (dia and para) are commonly referred to as non-magnetic. They exhibit weak response to an external field. The other three are those that are commonly referred to as magnetic materials. They respond very strongly to external magnetic field and applied in wide variety of application.

Based on application

a) Hard magnetic materials are materials that retain their magnetism even in the absence of an external field, and require a large amount of energy to be demagnetized. They are used in applications where a permanent magnet is required, such as in electric motors, loudspeakers, and MRI machines. Examples include alnico, samarium cobalt, and neodymium magnets.

b) Soft magnetic materials are materials that can be easily magnetized and demagnetized, and are used in applications where the magnetic field needs to be rapidly and repeatedly switched on and off, such as in transformers, inductors, and magnetic shielding. Examples include iron-silicon alloys, nickel-iron alloys, and iron-cobalt alloys.

In summary, the classification of magnetic materials is important in understanding their behaviour in magnetic fields and their applications. Diamagnetic and paramagnetic materials are commonly referred to as non-magnetic, while ferromagnetic, antiferromagnetic, and ferrimagnetic materials are commonly referred to as magnetic materials. Hard magnetic materials retain their magnetism, while soft magnetic materials can be easily magnetized and demagnetized.

4 comments:

  1. MD.Shameem Mridha
    This something very unique and helpful for me!! Thanks a lot. Everything explained in so simple way.

    ReplyDelete
  2. I just want to thank you for sharing your information and your site or blog this is simple but nice Information I’ve ever seen i like it i learn something today. Black Owned Beauty Brands

    ReplyDelete

  3. Why is a magnetic field concentrated around a magnetic material?

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Magnetic materials have a unique property of producing a magnetic field, which is caused by the motion of electrons within the atoms of the material. In a magnetic material, the atoms have magnetic moments, which are essentially tiny magnets that align themselves in a specific direction, causing the entire material to have a net magnetic moment.

      When a magnetic material is placed in an external magnetic field, the magnetic moments of the atoms align themselves with the external field, and the material itself becomes magnetized. The resulting magnetic field around the material is concentrated because the aligned magnetic moments of the atoms are all pointing in the same direction, which creates a strong magnetic field in the immediate vicinity of the material.

      The strength of the magnetic field around a magnetic material depends on various factors, such as the strength of the material's magnetic moments, the shape of the material, and the distance from the material. In general, the closer one is to the material, the stronger the magnetic field will be.

      Magnetic materials are used in a wide range of applications, including in electric motors, generators, transformers, and magnetic storage devices like hard drives. Understanding the behavior of magnetic fields around these materials is essential for designing and optimizing these devices.

      Delete

Thank you for visiting my blog.

Designed By